New Criminal Laws Set to Replace Old Regulations

The BJP-led central government has introduced 3 new legal laws, replacing the colonial-era extradition laws. The Indian Penal Code (IPC) of a century ago is to be replaced by the Indian Penal Code-2023. The new law, which will come into effect from July 1, reduces the IPC from 511 to 358 sections and adds 20 new crimes. Significant changes have been made in criminal laws.

Previously, perpetrators of rape, murder, or terrorism did not fear the consequences, confident that they could exploit legal loopholes to be released within a few years. However, now stricter punishments will be imposed for such crimes.

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1. Crimes Against Women and Children

The regulations regarding rape of women under the age of 18 have been revised. There are established rules under POCSO for gang rape of minors. Furthermore, rape of a girl under 18 years of age will result in life imprisonment or the death penalty. A new crime category has been introduced for gang rape of women under 18 years. Severe penalties and hefty fines will be imposed for deceitful sexual activities or false promises related to marriage.

2. Terrorism as a Punishable Offense

Under Section 113(1), terrorism becomes a punishable offence, with the possibility of imposing death penalty or life imprisonment without parole for terrorist activities. New crimes such as damaging public utilities and private property have been added. Provisions for compensating damages caused have also been introduced.

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3. Treason

IPC Section 124A has been replaced with Indian Penal Code Section 152 to address acts of rebellion that threaten India’s sovereignty, unity, and integrity. While protecting the freedom of expression, this new section includes armed rebellion, destructive activities, and separatist actions.

4. Organized Crime

A new section has been introduced in the Indian Penal Code on organized crimes. Section 111(1) defines organized crime, making activities related to syndicates punishable. Armed rebellion, destructive activities, and actions threatening sovereignty now fall under organized crimes. Various penalties including the death penalty, imprisonment, and fines will be imposed for different crimes.

Other important regulations include:

New regulations have been introduced for mob lynching. Life imprisonment and death penalty will be imposed. Huge fines will be levied for causing disability or permanent disability. Zero FIR allows filing of FIR anywhere.